{"id":14174,"date":"2021-02-08T20:18:48","date_gmt":"2021-02-08T19:18:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/melo.no\/?p=14174"},"modified":"2023-09-27T17:10:06","modified_gmt":"2023-09-27T15:10:06","slug":"arbeidsmiljolovens-vern-mot-usaklig-oppsigelse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/melo.no\/en\/juridisk-innsikt\/arbeidsrett\/arbeidsmiljolovens-vern-mot-usaklig-oppsigelse\/","title":{"rendered":"Protection against unfair dismissal under the Working Environment Act"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"fws_6a6238a1b890d\"  data-midnight=\"dark\" data-top-percent=\"3%\"  data-bg-mobile-hidden=\"\" class=\"wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row standard_section\"  style=\"padding-top: calc(100vw * 0.03); padding-bottom: 0px; \"><div class=\"row-bg-wrap\" data-bg-animation=\"none\"><div class=\"inner-wrap\"><div class=\"row-bg\"  style=\"\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row-bg-overlay\" ><\/div><\/div><div class=\"col span_12 dark left\">\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-8 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding\"  data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-border-radius=\"none\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"all\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"\" data-delay=\"0\" ><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"fws_6a6238a1b8c7d\" data-midnight=\"\" data-column-margin=\"default\" data-bg-mobile-hidden=\"\" class=\"wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row inner_row standard_section\"  style=\"padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; \"><div class=\"row-bg-wrap\"> <div class=\"row-bg\"  style=\"\"><\/div> <\/div><div class=\"col span_12  left\">\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col has-animation no-extra-padding\"   data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-radius=\"none\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"top-bottom\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"fade-in-from-bottom\" data-delay=\"0\"><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\r\n<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element  vc_custom_1612814705242\" >\r\n\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\r\n\t\t<p>An employee may not be dismissed unless the dismissal is objectively justified by circumstances relating to the undertaking, the employer, or the employee. This follows from Section 15-7 of the Norwegian Working Environment Act.<\/p>\n<p>This provision is the central rule governing protection against dismissal. The requirement of objective justification is a legal standard whose content has been developed through case law. One notable development is that considerations of fairness have gained greater importance, and the courts have become more willing to scrutinize employers\u2019 decisions.<\/p>\n<h2>Also applies to dismissal with altered terms of employment<\/h2>\n<p>The provision applies not only where an employer formally terminates an employment relationship, but also where the employer unilaterally implements changes to the employment relationship that fall outside the scope of the employer\u2019s managerial prerogative. Such cases are often referred to as dismissals with altered terms of employment (constructive dismissals or change dismissals).<\/p>\n<h2>What the courts may review<\/h2>\n<p>When assessing whether the requirement of objective justification has been met, the courts may examine whether the dismissal is based on a correct and sufficiently comprehensive factual basis, whether the reasons relied upon are relevant, and whether the assessment has been sufficiently broad. This includes reviewing whether the employer has properly considered the fairness considerations relevant to the individual employee.<\/p>\n<h2>The requirement of objective justification<\/h2>\n<p>First, the requirement means that the dismissal must not be based on irrelevant or improper considerations. Second, the employer must have sufficiently weighty reasons to justify the dismissal. The circumstances relied upon must be serious enough to warrant termination of the employment relationship.<\/p>\n<p>Third, the employer\u2019s decision must be based on an accurate factual foundation. This is closely connected to <a href=\"https:\/\/melo.no\/en\/juridisk-innsikt\/arbeidsrett\/ikke-hopp-bukk-over-droftingsmote\/\">statutory consultation requirements<\/a>, one purpose of which is to ensure that the employee has an opportunity to comment on the circumstances relied upon by the employer.\nIn this context, it is important to emphasize that the burden of proof rests with the employer. This is particularly significant where serious allegations are made against the employee.<\/p>\n<p>The evidentiary requirements also imply that the employer has a strict duty to investigate the facts thoroughly when considering dismissal or summary dismissal based on serious misconduct.<\/p>\n<h2>Dismissal due to circumstances relating to the employee<\/h2>\n<p>Dismissal based on circumstances relating to the employee will normally be founded on a breach of duty or a failure to fulfil obligations under the employment contract, including conduct contrary to the duty of loyalty that exists in all employment relationships. Not every breach of the employment contract or of the employee\u2019s obligations will justify dismissal. The threshold for dismissing an employee is high, and the employer must therefore be able to demonstrate compelling reasons.<\/p>\n<h2>Less intrusive measures must be considered first<\/h2>\n<p>As a general principle, the requirement of proportionality applies. This means that the employer must consider whether less intrusive measures, such as a warning, can be used instead of dismissal. Where dismissal is based on circumstances relating to the employee, the employer bears the risk of uncertainty and must establish the factual basis upon which the dismissal rests.<\/p>\n<h2>What may constitute grounds for dismissal?<\/h2>\n<p>A wide range of circumstances may justify dismissal. Whether a breach of duty has occurred must initially be assessed in light of the employment contract. However, the question of whether there is objective justification for dismissal requires a broader assessment in which the employee\u2019s conduct is weighed against the interests of the undertaking. For example, inadequate job performance may constitute objective grounds for dismissal if the employee\u2019s performance falls significantly below what the employer is reasonably entitled to expect.<\/p>\n<h2>The employee should be given an opportunity to improve<\/h2>\n<p>When assessing whether objective grounds for dismissal exist, importance will normally be attached to whether the employee has received a warning or has otherwise been informed that the employer considers there to be a breach of duty, has been encouraged to remedy the situation, and has been made aware that failure to do so may have consequences for the employment relationship. A warning is not a statutory requirement. However, particularly in cases involving poor performance, it will often be difficult to establish objective grounds for dismissal unless the employee has been given a genuine opportunity to improve.<\/p>\n<h2>Dismissal due to circumstances relating to the undertaking<\/h2>\n<p>For dismissals based on circumstances relating to the undertaking, please see our article on <a href=\"https:\/\/melo.no\/en\/juridisk-innsikt\/arbeidsrett\/rasjonalisering-eller-driftsinnskrenkning-etter-arbeidsmiljoloven-\u00a7-15-7\/\">\"Rationalisation or workforce reductions under the Working Environment Act\"<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n\t\t<\/div> \n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-4 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding\"  data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-border-radius=\"none\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"all\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"\" data-delay=\"0\" ><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"fws_6a6238a1b8ffb\" data-midnight=\"\" data-column-margin=\"default\" data-bg-mobile-hidden=\"\" class=\"wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row inner_row standard_section\"  style=\"padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; \"><div class=\"row-bg-wrap\"> <div class=\"row-bg\"  style=\"\"><\/div> <\/div><div class=\"col span_12  left\">\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding\"   data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-radius=\"10px\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"all\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"\" data-delay=\"0\"><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"team-member\" data-style=\"meta_below\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atle Mel\u00f8\" src=\"https:\/\/melo.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Atle_Mel\u00f8__0020-scaled.jpg\" title=\"Atle Mel\u00f8\" \/><h4 class=\"light\">Atle Mel\u00f8<\/h4><div class=\"position\">Partner<\/div><p class=\"description\">amelo@melo.no<br \/>\n+47 951 80 979<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div> \n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"fws_6a6238a1b9470\"  data-midnight=\"dark\"  data-bg-mobile-hidden=\"\" class=\"wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row standard_section\"  style=\"padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; \"><div class=\"row-bg-wrap\" data-bg-animation=\"none\"><div class=\"inner-wrap\"><div class=\"row-bg\"  style=\"\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row-bg-overlay\" ><\/div><\/div><div class=\"col span_12 dark left\">\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding\"  data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-border-radius=\"none\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"all\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"\" data-delay=\"0\" ><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"divider-wrap\" data-alignment=\"default\"><div style=\"height: 15px;\" class=\"divider\"><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"fws_6a6238a1b97b0\"  data-midnight=\"light\" data-top-percent=\"6%\" data-bottom-percent=\"6%\"  data-bg-mobile-hidden=\"\" class=\"wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row full-width-section  vc_row-o-equal-height vc_row-flex  vc_row-o-content-middle standard_section\"  style=\"padding-top: calc(100vw * 0.06); padding-bottom: calc(100vw * 0.06); \"><div class=\"row-bg-wrap\" data-bg-animation=\"none\"><div class=\"inner-wrap using-image\"><div class=\"row-bg using-image\"  style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/melo.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Kalender.jpg); background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; \"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"row-bg-overlay\" style=\"background-color:rgba(10,6,6,0.84);  opacity: 0.5; \"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"col span_12 light left\">\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding\"  data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-border-radius=\"none\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"all\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"\" data-delay=\"0\" ><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"fws_6a6238a1b98b9\" data-midnight=\"\" data-column-margin=\"default\" data-bg-mobile-hidden=\"\" class=\"wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row inner_row standard_section\"  style=\"padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; \"><div class=\"row-bg-wrap\"> <div class=\"row-bg\"  style=\"\"><\/div> <\/div><div class=\"col span_12  left\">\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-2 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding\"   data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-radius=\"none\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"all\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"\" data-delay=\"0\"><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> \n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-8 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col centered-text padding-2-percent\"   data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-radius=\"none\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"left-right\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"\" data-delay=\"0\"><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<h2 style=\"font-size: 40px;line-height: 52px;text-align: center\" class=\"vc_custom_heading wpb_animate_when_almost_visible wpb_fadeInUp fadeInUp\" >Any questions regarding labour law?<\/h2><div class=\"divider-wrap\" data-alignment=\"default\"><div style=\"height: 40px;\" class=\"divider\"><\/div><\/div><a class=\"nectar-button large see-through-3  has-icon wpb_animate_when_almost_visible wpb_zoomIn zoomIn\"  style=\"border-color: #d1b48d;\"  href=\"mailto:post@melo.no\" data-color-override=\"#d1b48d\" data-hover-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-text-color-override=\"#ffffff\"><span>Send us a non-binding inquiry<\/span><i  class=\"fa fa-arrow-down\"><\/i><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div> \n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n\n\t<div  class=\"vc_col-sm-2 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding\"   data-t-w-inherits=\"default\" data-shadow=\"none\" data-border-radius=\"none\" data-border-animation=\"\" data-border-animation-delay=\"\" data-border-width=\"none\" data-border-style=\"solid\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg-cover=\"\" data-padding-pos=\"all\" data-has-bg-color=\"false\" data-bg-color=\"\" data-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-hover-bg=\"\" data-hover-bg-opacity=\"1\" data-animation=\"\" data-delay=\"0\"><div class=\"column-bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vc_column-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div> \n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"En arbeidstaker kan ikke sies opp uten at det er saklig begrunnet i virksomhetens, arbeidsgivers eller arbeidstakers forhold. Dette f\u00f8lger av arbeidsmilj\u00f8loven \u00a7 15-7. Bestemmelsen er den sentrale bestemmelse om...","protected":false},"author":188,"featured_media":14175,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_analytify_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14174","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-arbeidsrett"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Arbeidsmilj\u00f8lovens vern mot usaklig oppsigelse<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En arbeidstaker kan ikke sies opp uten at det er saklig begrunnet i virksomhetens, arbeidsgivers eller arbeidstakers forhold.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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